Principles of Pressure Measurements for Assessment of Lower-extremity 13.20 ). The entire course of each major artery is imaged, including the subclavian ( Figs. (See "Clinical features, diagnosis, and natural history of lower extremity peripheral artery disease"and "Overview of thoracic outlet syndromes"and "Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of the Raynaud phenomenon"and "Clinical evaluation of abdominal aortic aneurysm".). Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) Measurement Technique - Medscape When performing serial examinations over time, changes in index values >0.15 from one study to the next are considered significant and suggest progression of disease. The quality of a B-mode image depends upon the strength of the returning sound waves (echoes). An angle of insonation of sixty degrees is ideal; however, an angle between 30 and 70 is acceptable. With severe disease, the amplitude of the waveform is blunted (picture 3). A difference of 10mm Hg has better sensitivity but lower specificity, whereas a difference of 15mm Hg may be taken as a reasonable cut point. hbbd```b``"VHFL`r6XDL.pIv0)J9_@ $$o``bd`L?o `J The development of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) allows rapid acquisition of high resolution, contrast-enhanced arterial images [45-48]. Well-developed collateral vessels may diminish the observed pressure gradient and obscure a hemodynamically significant lesion. Mohler ER 3rd. Imaging of hand arteries requires very high frequency transducers because these vessels are extremely small and superficial. The ankle brachial index is lower as peripheral artery disease is worse. Upper extremity disease is far less common than lower extremity disease and abnormalities in WBI have not been correlated with adverse cardiovascular risk as seen with ABI. An ankle brachial index test, also known as an ABI test, is a quick and easy way to get a read on the blood flow to your extremities.

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