Glial cells, or glia, are known to play a supporting role for nervous tissue. There are more tissues on the website than you are responsible for. Young, B., Woodford, P., ODowd, G., & Wheater, P. R. (2014). Glucosethe primary energy sourceis allowed, as are amino acids. Muscle cells have a specialized type of smooth endoplasmic reticulum called sarcoplasmic reticulum, which stores calcium ions. Multiple muscle cells are bound by connective tissue into fascicles, and multiple fascicles join to form a muscle belly. That single axon can branch repeatedly to communicate with many target cells. A single axon (often called a nerve fiber) leaves the perikaryon and transmits neural signals to other neurons or to the effectororgan (e.g., skeletal muscles) via synapses. Lateral to this structure is the tail of the caudate. When responding to a foreign threat, immune system cells can activate non-specific inflammation or progress to a specific immune response. - A free PowerPoint PPT presentation (displayed as an HTML5 slide show) on PowerShow.com - id: 4617df-OTVjO In a transverse section of a nerve (Figure 10), single myelinated axons look like little circles organized in bundles called fascicles. Remember that the perikaryon is the metabolic support center for each neuron, so, therefore, motor neurons require much larger perikarya. The PNS encompasses all nervous tissue outside of bony structures, and includes all peripheral and cranial nerves, plexuses, and ganglia. The nucleus and cytoplasm of the Schwann cell are on the edge of the myelin sheath. They are electrically active and release chemical signals to target cells. Both will appear grey to the naked eye and under the microscope, due to their lack of myelin. Click on launch activity 2. Just medial (to the right) of the tail of the caudate, note the choroid plexus slide NP004N View Image, which consists of highly convoluted and vascularized villi covered by ependymal cells which are specialized for the production of cerebrospinal fluid, or CSF. This ground substance, also referred to as Wharthons jelly, provides insulation and protection to the blood vessels of the umbilical cord. The delicate meshwork of dendritic processes and nerve fibers (axons) lying between cells in the gray matter is called the neuropil. In this electron micrograph, note some of the features you saw in ventral horn motor neurons with the light microscope, such as the large, pale nucleus, prominent nucleolus, Nissl bodies, dendrites and axon. The layers of the blood-air barrier comprise of type I pneumocytes, basement membrane and endothelial cells of the capillaries. Look at the margins of the ventricle at higher magnification and note that it is entirely lined by ependymal cells. One oligodendrocyte will provide the myelin for multiple axon segments, either for the same axon or for separate axons. Curated learning paths created by our anatomy experts, 1000s of high quality anatomy illustrations and articles.

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